Glossary

Health Supplements

Human Serum Albumin

The main protein constituent of human serum. It has no prosthetic group and is soluble in water and dilute salt solution. It is sometimes used in the treatment of shock, hypoproteinemia, and erythroblastosis fetalis.

Health, Safety, and Environment

Health and Safety Executive (United Kingdom)

Hierarchical Storage Management

Head Space Sampler

Herpes Simplex Virus

Heat Transfer Fluid

Health Technical Memorandum

Hyper Text Markup Language

High-Throughput Screening

Hyper Text Transport Protocol

Human Monoclonal Antibodies

A vector used to transfer or express large fragments of human DNA. HACs behave and are constructed like human chromosomes.

Controlled clinical studies in human volunteers to test the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical candidates.

Insertion of normal DNA directly into cells to correct a genetic defect.

The full collection of genes needed to produce a human being.

Collective name for several projects begun in 1986 by DOE to:1.Create an ordered set of DNA segments from known chromosomal locations.2.Develop new computational methods for analyzing genetic map and DNA sequence.3.Develop new techniques and instruments for detecting and analyzing DNA.This DOE initiative is now known as the Human Genome Program. The national effort, led by DOE and NIH, is known as the Human Genome Project.

A retrovirus that causes AIDS. HIV was formerly known as HTLV-III. AIDS was first reported in 1981 in the United States and has since become a major epidemic, killing nearly 12 million people, and infecting more than 30 million others worldwide. HIV, a virus that destroys the body’s ability to fight infections and certain cancers, causes the disease.

The HMI may comprise a number of switches, pushbuttons, and indication lamps, or increasingly text displays and Cathode Ray Tubes (CRTs) or Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs).

An individual who is the object of study in a research project. Under the Federal policy (Common Rule), human subject means a living individual about whom an investigator conducting research obtains: (1) data through intervention or interaction with the individual; or (2) identifiable private information (45 CFR 46.102(f)). Under FDA regulations, “human subject” means an individual who is or becomes a participant in research, either as a recipient of the test article or as a control. A subject may be either a healthy individual or a patient (21 CFR 50.3(g) and 56.102(e)).

Individuals whose physiologic or behavioral characteristics and responses are the object of study in a research project. Under the federal regulations, human subjects are defined as: living individual(s) about whom an investigator conducting research obtains: (1) data through intervention or interaction with the individual; or (2) identifiable private information. 45CFR46.102 (f)