Glossary

The thymine residue in DNA.

An antigen-binding protein that is located on the surfaces of killer T cells and mediates the cellular immune response of mammals. The genes that encode T cell antigens are assembled from gene segments by somatic recombination processes that occur during T lymphocyte differentiation.

A type of lymphocyte (T lymphocyte) that is of key importance to the immune system and is at the core of adaptive immunity, the system that tailors the body's immune response to specific pathogens. Immature T cells (termed T-stem cells) migrate to the thymus gland in the neck, where they mature and differentiate into various types of mature T cells and become active in the immune system in response to a hormone called thymosin and other factors.

Technical Agreement

Test Area

Testing Adjusting and Balancing

Training Advisory Committee (ISPE term)

Information in people’s heads, their experience, and personal learning which translate into insights and ideas.

Tertiary cultures of African Green Monkey Kidney cells

Temps Atomique International (International Atomic Time)

The existence of two or more identical DNA sequences in series, i.e., end –to-end.

Multiple copies of the same base sequence on a chromosome; used as markers in physical mapping.

A separation method that transfers components of one system (stream) into another. The stream the product is being extracted from crosses the stream that the product is being transferred to, multiple times.

Including ultrafiltration and most microfiltration systems, a separation method where the feed stream circulates back to the feed vessel, providing a tangential flow stream across the filter membrane.

Vessel in which fermentation takes place. A tank bioreactor is a vessel in which a micro-organism is grown in a large volume of liquid. This contrasts with fibre or membrane bioreactors and immobilized cell reactors. The large majority of bioreactors used in biotechnology are tank bioreactors, and most tank bioreactors are stirred-tank bioreactors, because stirring helps to distribute effectively gas and nutrients to the growing organism.

Linear magnetic storage hardware, rolled onto a reel or cassette.

Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry

For diagnostic tests, the molecule or nucleic acid sequence that is being sought in a sample.

Defined level set by the user as a goal for routine operations, for the user’s own purpose.

Defined microbiological level set by the user, for its own purpose.

A method of delivering a drug to the site in the body where it is needed, rather than allowing it to diffuse into many sites.

The transfer of a hydrogen atom from one position in an organic molecule to another position.

The development of approaches to organize and summarize our knowledge about the variety or organisms that exist.

An inherited disease of infancy characterized by profound mental retardation and early death; it is caused by a recessive gene mutation.

Terabyte