Glossary

Having an affinity for water. Its opposite, non-water-wettable, hydrophobic.

Having an affinity for water. Its opposite, non-water-wettable, hydrophobic.

The extent of insolubility; not readily absorbing water; resisting or repelling water, wetting, or hydration; or being adversely affected by water. Hydrophobic bonding is an attraction between the hydrophobic or non-polar portions of molecules, causing them to aggregate and exclude water from between them.

The extent of insolubility; not readily absorbing water; resisting or repelling water, wetting, or hydration; or being adversely affected by water. Hydrophobic bonding is an attraction between the hydrophobic or non-polar portions of molecules, causing them to aggregate and exclude water from between them.

The growing of plants in aerated water containing all the essential mineral nutrients, with no soil. Also called soilless gardening or cultivation.

A pressure test of piping, pressure vessels, or pressure-containing parts, usually performed by pressurizing the internal volume with water at a pressure determined by the applicable code.

Of, or pertaining to, equipment and piping systems that by design, materials of construction, and operation provide for the maintenance of cleanliness so that products produced by these systems will not adversely affect human or animal health.

Of, or pertaining to, equipment and piping systems that by design, materials of construction, and operation provide for the maintenance of cleanliness so that products produced by these systems will not adversely affect human or animal health.

A tube outside diameter union consisting of two neutered ferrules having flat faces with a concentric groove and mating gasket that is secured with a clamp, providing a nonprotruding, recessless product contact surface.

A system of design that meets standards, specification, codes, regulatory and industrial guidelines, and acceptable engineering design methods to reach a degree of sanitation required by food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics processing.

A tube outside diameter union providing a nonprotruding, recessless product contact surface.

Systems that provide for the maintenance of cleanliness so that products transferred and/or conveyed through them will not have their identity, strength, quality, purity, or potency compromised.

Generally considered to be a groove weld in a square butt joint made by the GTAW (or plasma) process as a fusion weld without the addition of filler material. A sanitary weld must be completely penetrated on the weld ID, with little or no discoloration due to oxidation, and be otherwise without defects that would interfere with maintenance in a clean and sterile condition.

The property of absorbing moisture from the air.

The affinity for absorbing water.

Common language for publishing hypertext on the World Wide Web. It is a non-proprietary format based upon SGML and can be created and processed by a wide range of tools. HTML uses tags to structure text into headings, paragraphs, lists, hypertext links, etc.

A behavior characterized by immediate, spontaneous ignition of an oxidation reaction upon mixing of two or more substances.

In biology, a hypertonic cell environment has a higher concentration of solutes than inside the animal or plant cell. The ability of a solution to change the shape or tone of cells by altering their internal water volume is called tonicity (tono = tension). In a hypertonic environment, osmotic pressure causes water to flow out of the cell. If enough water is removed in this way, the cytoplasm will have such a small concentration of water that the cell has difficulty functioning.

Generic term for aqueous solutions of sodium hypochlorite, potassium hypochlorite or calcium hypochlorite, which are oxidizing agents and used for disinfecting surfaces and surface-sterilizing tissues, and for bleaching.

A genetic condition in which a chromosome or segment of a chromosome is underrepresented in the genotype.

A tentative theory or supposition provisionally adopted to explain certain facts and to guide in the investigation of other facts. Once proven by rigorous scientific investigation, it becomes a theory or a law.

Osmotic potential less than that of living cells. Cells placed in a hypotonic solution display swelling and turgidity.

In biology, a hypotonic solution has the higher osmotic pressure of two fluids. The term also describes a cell environment with a higher concentration of solutes than the cytoplasm of the cell. Given a cell placed in a hypotonic environment, osmosis causes a net flow of water into the cell, causing the cell to burst and not function.