Glossary

The –COOH functional group found in organic molecules. Carboxyl groups are acidic in nature.

The end of a polypeptide that contains the free carboxyl group.

Introduction of a carboxyl group or carbon dioxide to a molecule.

A substance that causes the development of cancerous growths in living tissue. A chemical is considered to be a carcinogen if it has been evaluated by the International Agency for Cancer Research (IARC) and found to be a carcinogen or potential carcinogen, or if it is listed in the Annual Report on Carcinogens published by the National Toxicology Program, or if it is regulated by OSHA as a carcinogen.

Cancer-causing. Many agents that are carcinogenic are mutagens. Words with similar meaning include oncogenic and tumorigenic.

The ability to cause cancer.

Any of the various types of cancerous tumors that form in the epithelial tissue, the tissue forming the outer layer of the body surface and lining the digestive tract and other hollow structures. Examples of this kind of cancer include, breast, lung, and prostate cancer.

In genetics, typically an individual that has one recessive mutant allele for some defective condition that is “masked” by a dominant normal allele at the same locus, i.e., an individual that is heterozygous for a recessive harmful allele and a dominant normal allele; the phenotype is normal, but the individual passes the defective (recessive) allele to half of its offspring.

The gas that carries the sample in gas chromatography.

The residue or accumulated product on product contact surfaces that is retained after cleaning and may be available to enter the next product processed with the same product contact surfaces.

Compliance Achievement Reporting System

Pressure-driven separation devices that remove particulate matter larger than 1 micrometer using an engineered porous filtration media. They are typically constructed as rigd or semi-rigid, self-supporting filter elements housed in pressure vessels in which flow is from the outside of the cartridge to the inside.

A self-contained seal assembly.

CFSAN Automated Research Tracking System

Competent Authorities

Chemical Abstracts Service

A numeric designation that is given to a specific chemical compound or mixture by the American Chemical Society Abstracts Service. This number may appear on the MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet).

Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency

A Japanese tool for assessing and rating the environmental performance of buildings and built environment.

A series of events that result from one initial cause.

Sampling device, which collects particles from an aerosol using the principle of impaction upon a series of collector surfaces.NOTE: Each successive collector surface is exposed to an aerosol stream flowing at a higher velocity than was the previous one, thus allowing collection of smaller particles than the previous one.

Computer Aided Software Engineering

A record of pertinent information collected on each subject during a clinical trial, as outlined in the study protocol. Also referred to as DCI, Data Collection Instrument.

A study comparing persons with a given condition or disease (the cases) and persons without the condition or disease (the controls) with respect to antecedent factors.